As substrate, virtually any gravel or sand from the hardware store can be used because the gravel and sand from the aquarium trade is also nothing else. No matter how one relates of the gravel, it must be washed even if on the package it is already washed. This is especially observed in the gravel in the pet trade case. Washing the soil substrate is still somewhat expensive and requires a lot of time especially if you wash >50kg aquarium gravel or sand. Therefore, it is a must for aquariums from about 200 liters. It is best suited for the soil substrate as a bricklayer tub (grout trough) wash, which is obtained at the hardware store from 5 euros. Of course, it can all make buckets summarize the approximately 15 liters, but it comes with a masonry trough a lot faster because in one run, it is more like gravel or sand clean.
The vessel with which you want to clean the ground floor is filled with only the best with much gravel that you later get when the vessel is filled with water. You should stir it well. It makes no sense to make it full because the more it is then the substrate should be stirred and the water becomes dirty faster and you may need to wash 2 times to change the water which is also again more effort. So, less is often more. When the right amount of sand or gravel is in the tank now, then you can fill it with water and then stir vigorously. The sand is clean and you can tell because when you cut out a small sample and then into a glass of clean water, they are then allowed to clear the muddy water which is no longer really something but not too much. After it has recently been stirred and then you can do without it. If it is clean enough and one has been agitated the sand, then you should empty the majority of the dirty water immediately before the dirt particles settle on the sand again. Then you can remove the remaining sand / gravel with a sand box strainer for children from the jar and rinse again briefly. The whole effort is very important because one should have very clean sand and gravel in the aquarium. One in advance, does not know what sand or gravel has everything on themselves, such as germs, toxins, pollen, and others. It is however important that the sand should not be washed at home or in the house because even the individual grains of sand or gravel can accumulate in the drain to a partial blockage or even cause complete blockage.
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